Taxus chinensis(Yew), mitengo yakale kwambiri yomwe idasiyidwa pambuyo pa Quaternary glacier, yatchulidwa kuti ndi zomera zomwe zili pachiwopsezo komanso zomwe zili pachiwopsezo komanso mitundu khumi yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ili pangozi. "plant giant panda".
Choncho,
Monga "zotsalira zamoyo za zomera", zotsatira zake ndi ntchito za yew Tingafinye?
Yew, ndi chomera cha Taxus cha Taxaceae.Pali mitundu 11 ya yew padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imagawidwa kumadera otentha kumadera otentha kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Pali mitundu inayi ndi mitundu imodzi ku China, yomwe ndi Chinese yew, yew kumpoto chakum'mawa, Yunnan yew. ,South yew ndi Tibet yew, zomwe zimagawidwa kumpoto chakum'mawa, South China ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China. chithandizo cha khansa ".
Mbiri ya chitukuko cha paclitaxel:
Mu 1963, akatswiri a zamankhwala a ku America MCWani ndi monre E.wall poyamba anasiya kuchotsa paclitaxel ku khungwa ndi nkhuni za Pacific yew, zomwe zimamera m'nkhalango za kumadzulo kwa United States. kuti wakuda Tingafinye wa paclitaxel anali mkulu ntchito pa mbewa chotupa maselo m'galasi, ndipo anayamba kudzipatula yogwira component.Chifukwa cha otsika kwambiri zili yogwira pophika mu zomera, sizinali mpaka 1971 kuti kugwirizana ndi Andre t.McPhail , pulofesa wa chemistry ku Yunivesite ya Duke kuti adziwe mawonekedwe a mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito - tetracyclic diterpene compound, ndipo adatcha taxol.
Kodi paclitaxel ndi chiyani?
Paclitaxel ndi monomer diterpenoid yotengedwa ku khungwa la Natural Plant Taxus.Ndi metabolite yachiwiri yovuta.Ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amadziwika kuti amalimbikitsa microtubule polymerization ndi stabilize microtubules polymerized.Isotope tracing inasonyeza kuti paclitaxel imangomangidwa ndi ma microtubules opangidwa ndi polymerized ndipo anachita. Osachita ndi ma tubulin dimers a unpolymerized. Pambuyo pokhudzana ndi paclitaxel, maselo adzasonkhanitsa ma microtubules ambiri m'maselo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito paclitaxel:
1. Anticancer
Paclitaxel ndi mzere woyamba wa mankhwala a khansa ya ovarian ndi khansa ya m'mawere yapamwamba.Ulamuliro wa National Cancer unayamba mayesero a zachipatala a anthu kumayambiriro kwa 1983 kuti ayese kawopsedwe kake ndi ntchito zotsutsana ndi khansa.
Paclitaxel imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu khansa ya ovarian ndi khansa ya m'mawere kudzera mu kafukufuku wachipatala wachiwiri ndi wachitatu. Imakhalanso ndi zotsatira zina pa khansa ya m'mapapo, khansa ya colorectal, melanoma, khansa ya mutu ndi khosi, lymphoma ndi chotupa cha muubongo.
2. Antitumor
Paclitaxel ndiye woyamba kusankha mankhwala odana ndi chotupa m'zipatala padziko lonse lapansi.Ikhoza kulimbikitsa msonkhano wa ma microtubules mwa kulimbikitsa polymerization ya ma spindle tubulin subunits.Ndi anti-microtubule antitumor mankhwala.
3. Chithandizo cha nyamakazi
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti taxol yavomerezedwa ndi FDA pa nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, ndipo paclitaxel gel ndikukonzekera kwapaclitaxel mu nyamakazi ya nyamakazi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-21-2022