Njira yachitukuko ndi tsogolo la paclitaxel

Kukula kwa paclitaxel ndi nkhani yodzaza ndi zokhotakhota ndi zovuta, zomwe zidayamba ndi kupezeka kwa chinthu chogwira ntchito mu taxus taxus, zidadutsa zaka makumi angapo za kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, ndipo pamapeto pake zidakhala mankhwala oletsa khansa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchipatala.

M'zaka za m'ma 1960, National Cancer Institute ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ya ku United States anagwirizana pa pulogalamu yowunikira zomera kuti apeze mankhwala atsopano a khansa.Mu 1962, Barclay, katswiri wa zomera, anatola khungwa ndi masamba kuchokera ku Washington ndikuwatumiza ku NCI kuti akayesedwe ngati ali ndi ntchito yolimbana ndi khansa.Pambuyo pa zoyeserera zingapo, gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Dr. Wall ndi Dr. Wani pomaliza lidadzipatula paclitaxel mu 1966.

Kupezeka kwa paclitaxel kudakopa chidwi chambiri ndipo kudayamba ntchito yayikulu yofufuza ndi chitukuko.M'zaka zotsatira, asayansi adafufuza mozama za kapangidwe ka mankhwala a paclitaxel ndikuzindikira mawonekedwe ake ovuta.Mu 1971, gulu la Dr.paclitaxel, kuyala maziko a ntchito yake yachipatala.

Paclitaxel yachita bwino pamayesero azachipatala ndipo yakhala njira yoyamba yothandizira khansa ya m'mawere ndi yam'mimba komanso khansa ya mutu, khosi ndi m'mapapo.Komabe, zinthu za paclitaxel ndizochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwachipatala.Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, asayansi achita kafukufuku wambiri kuti afufuze kaphatikizidwe ka paclitaxel.Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zoyesayesa, anthu apanga njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira paclitaxel, kuphatikiza kaphatikizidwe kokwanira ndi semi-synthesis.

M'tsogolomu, kafukufuku wapaclitaxelzidzapitirira kukhala zozama.Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, anthu akuyembekezeka kupeza zinthu zambiri za bioactive zokhudzana ndi paclitaxel ndikumvetsetsa momwe imagwirira ntchito.Nthawi yomweyo, ndikukula kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wa kaphatikizidwe, kaphatikizidwe ka paclitaxel kudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri komanso kogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, kuti apereke chitsimikizo chabwino pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwachipatala.Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi afufuzanso kugwiritsa ntchito paclitaxel kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena oletsa khansa kuti apereke njira zochiritsira zogwira mtima.

Mwachidule,paclitaxelndi mankhwala achilengedwe othana ndi khansa omwe ali ndi mtengo wofunikira wamankhwala, ndipo kafukufuku wake ndi chitukuko chake ali ndi zovuta komanso zomwe akwaniritsa.M'tsogolomu, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi luso lamakono komanso kafukufuku wozama, paclitaxel ikuyembekezeka kuchitapo kanthu pochiza mitundu yambiri ya khansa.

Zindikirani: Mapindu omwe angakhalepo komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi zimachokera m'mabuku ofalitsidwa.